About 60 % of the population of Quetzaltenango
is indigenous. One can expect to hear the Qui´che, or Mam languages
spoken in the street as well as see the beautifully colorful traje
típico (traditional clothing) of the indeginous population who are well
integrated into the daily life, economy and social activities of
Quetzaltenango.
The history of the Xela began with the Mam-Indígenas, who were its
founders, naming the city Xela Ju (pronounced “Shela Who”). The city
gained importance after it was conquered by the Quiché in the 14th
century. In the 16th century spanish conquistadors renamed the city
Quetzaltenango, but to this day is still called Xela.
Quetzaltenango has always been the second capital of Guatemala because
of its situation as the crossroads to the highlands of Guatemala. The
city grew in population and importance during the coffee trades of the
late 19th century. German and Italian influence of this time is still
visible.
In 1902 Santa María, a volcano just outside of Quetzaltenango, had a
full scale eruptionm, causing much damage to the city. After this, it
lost its importance in commerce, and much of its business moved to the
capital.
Today, Quetzaltenango presents itself as a modern city, with a highly
active cultural and creative community, having an infrastructure more or
less similar to that of European or Nothern American cities. There are
three universities, an (internet-) café around every corner,
restaurants, shops of different types, art museums, fitness centers,
dance clubs, and cinemas. For anyone interested in furthuring their
Salsa skills, Xela, Guatemala is one of the best places in the world to
visit. Maintaining the authentic Guatemalan culture one can find
handicraft stores, markets, and street vendors and a highly animated
population. Quetzaltenango represents a step into modernity for
Guetamala with a powerful respect for the past and its traditions.